Bullying in the Workplace

It is estimated that seven percent of European workers have been subjected to workplace bullying, harassment or mobbing, including physical violence, threats, harassment and unwanted sexual attention¹

There has been a significant growing number of cross sectional studies highlighting the nature, prevalence and health implications of bullying in the workplace^2-71.

References

1. Eurofound (2012), Fifth European Working Conditions Survey, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg file:///C:/Users/SrabsJ/Downloads/EF1182EN.pdf

2. Stale Einarsen, Helge Hoel, Dieter Zapf, Cary Cooper(Eds.) Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace: Developments in Theory, Research, and Practice, Second Edition (Google eBook) http://books.google.com/books?id=h8qYxAhmhUAC&dq=einarsen&source=gbs_navlinks_s

3. Weuve C, Pitney WA, Martin M, Mazerolle SM. Experiences With Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting. J Athl Train. 2014 Aug 6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25098660

4. Kemp V. Antecedents, consequences and interventions for workplace bullying. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2014 Jul 17. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25036420

5. Malinauskaite I, Bernotaite L. 0331 Mental health problems of seafarers. Occup Environ Med. 2014 Jun;71 Suppl 1:A108. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25018196

6. Nielsen MB, Magerøy N, Gjerstad J, Einarsen S. Workplace bullying and subsequent health problems. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2014 Jul 1;134(12/13):1233-1238. eCollection 2014 Jul. English, Norwegian. http://tidsskriftet.no/article/3213422/en_GB

7. Lim FA, Bernstein I. Civility and workplace bullying: resonance of Nightingale's persona and current best practices. Nurs Forum. 2014 Apr-Jun;49(2):124-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24955475

8. Laine H, Saastamoinen P, Lahti J, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E. The associations between psychosocial working conditions and changes in common mental disorders: a follow-up study. BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 11;14:588. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4060575/

9. Kostev K, Rex J, Waehlert L, Hog D, Heilmaier C. Risk of psychiatric and neurological diseases in patients with workplace mobbing experience in Germany: a retrospective database analysis. Ger Med Sci. 2014 May 27;12:Doc10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4036095/

10. Einarsen S, Nielsen MB. Workplace bullying as an antecedent of mental health problems: a five-year prospective and representative study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014 May 20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24840725

11. Dzurec LC, Kennison M, Albataineh R. Unacknowledged Threats Proffered "in a Manner of Speaking": Recognizing Workplace Bullying as Shaming. J Nurs Scholarsh. 2014 Jul;46(4):281-91. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24754642

12. Ariza-Montes JA, Muniz R NM, Leal-Rodríguez AL, Leal-Millán AG. Workplace bullying among managers: a multifactorial perspective and understanding. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Mar 4;11(3):2657-82. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3986997/

13. Lee HE, Kim HR, Park JS. Work-related risk factors for workplace violence among Korean employees. J Occup Health. 2014;56(1):12-20. https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/joh/56/1/56_13-0082-OA/_pdf

14. Drabek M, Merecz D. Job stress, occupational position and gender as factors differentiating workplace bullying experience. Med Pr. 2013;64(3):283-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24261242

15. Buhaug K, Aasen TB, Einarsen S, Magerøy N. Health care related to workplace bullying. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2013 Oct 29;133(20):2129-30. http://tidsskriftet.no/article/3085208/en_GB

16. Dzurec LC. Status limbo: analysis of nurse faculty member reports of administrator response to workplace bullying complaints. J Prof Nurs. 2013 Sep-Oct;29(5): e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.profnurs.2013.07.001. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24075266

17. Takaki J, Taniguchi T, Hirokawa K. Associations of workplace bullying and harassment with pain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013 Sep 25;10(10):4560-70. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24071921

18. Carretero N, Luciano JV. Prevalence and incidence

of workplace bullying among Spanish employees working with people with intellectual disability. Disabil Health J. 2013 Oct;6(4):405-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24060265

19. Karpinski AC, Dzurec LC, Fitzgerald SM, Bromley GE, Meyers TW. Examining the factor structure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) as a measure of victim response to the psychological pain of subtle workplace bullying. J Nurs Meas. 2013;21(2):264-83. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24053056

20. Spence Laschinger HK, Nosko A. Exposure to workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomology: the role of protective psychological resources. J Nurs Manag. 2013 Sep 3. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24033807

21. Figueiredo-Ferraz H, Gil-Monte PR, Olivares-Faúndez VE. Influence of mobbing (workplace bullying) on depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study among employees working with people with intellectual disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res. 2013 Aug 6. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23919562

22. Toksoy D, Bayramo?lu MM. Bullying within the forestry organizations of Turkey. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013 Jun 15;2013:851839. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3703372/

23. Rodwell J, Demir D, Steane P. Psychological and organizational impact of bullying over and above negative affectivity: a survey of two nursing contexts. Int J Nurs Pract. 2013 Jun;19(3):241-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23730855

24. Campanini P, Conway PM, Neri L, Punzi S, Camerino D, Costa G. [Workplace bullying and sickness absenteeism]. Epidemiol Prev. 2013 Jan-Feb;37(1):8-16. Italian. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23585429

25. Askew DA, Schluter PJ, Dick ML Workplace bullying--what's it got to do with general practice? Aust Fam Physician. 2013 Apr;42(4):186-8. http://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2013/april/workplace-bullying/

26. Nolfe G, Mancini P, Mancusi R, Zontini G, Nolfe G Work-related psychopathology: rates in different work activities and relationship between subjective perception of work distress and psychiatric disturbances. Work. 2014;47(4):501-8. http://iospress.metapress.com/content/d25874303834j8w2/?genre=article&issn=1051-9815&volume=47&issue=4&spage=501

27. Balducci C, Fraccaroli E. [Comparison between the risk of mobbing at work and conditions of job strain and effort-reward imbalance in relation to stress-related disorders: a study in the public administration]. Med Lav. 2013 Jan-Feb;104(1):44-54. Italian. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23520886

28. Hansen AM, Hogh A, Garde AH, Persson R. Workplace bullying and sleep difficulties: a 2-year follow-up study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014 Apr;87(3):285-94. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23460184

29. Smith CR, Fisher BS, Gillespie GL, Beery TA, Gates DM. Adolescents' experience with workplace aggression: school health implications. J Sch Nurs. 2013 Dec;29(6):464-74. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23427210

30. Harris KJ, Harvey P, Harris RB, Cast M. An investigation of abusive supervision, vicarious abusive supervision, and their joint impacts. J Soc Psychol. 2013 Jan-Feb;153(1):38-50. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23421004

31. Hutchinson M, Hurley J. Exploring leadership capability and emotional intelligence as moderators of workplace bullying. J Nurs Manag. 2013 Apr;21(3):553-62. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23410008

32. Hutchinson M. Bullying as workgroup manipulation: a model for understanding patterns of victimization and contagion within the workgroup. J Nurs Manag. 2013 Apr;21(3):563-71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23406069

33. Punzi S, Castellini G, Boari P, Pedrazzi A, Costa G. [Peculiarities and similarities of stress and bullying at workplace]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2012 Jul-Sep;34(3 Suppl):712-5. Italian. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405759

34. Perbellini L, Tisato S, Quintarelli E, Dal PS, Pelizza L, Riolfi A, Zonzin C, Romeo L. [Mental disorders related to persistent negative working conditions]. Med Lav. 2012 Nov-Dec;103(6):437-48. Italian. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23405478

35. Wei C, Gerberich SG, Alexander BH, Ryan AD, Nachreiner NM, Mongin SJ. Work-related violence against educators in Minnesota: rates and risks based on hours exposed. J Safety Res. 2013 Feb;44:73-85. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23398708

36. Porath C, Pearson C. The price of incivility. Harv Bus Rev. 2013 Jan-Feb;91(1-2):114-21, 146. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23390745

37. Farrell GA, Shafiei T, Chan SP. Patient and visitor assault on nurses and midwives: an exploratory study of employer 'protective' factors. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2014 Feb;23(1):88-96. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23279321

38. Lallukka T, Haukka J, Partonen T, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E. Workplace bullying and subsequent psychotropic medication: a cohort study with register linkages. BMJ Open. 2012 Dec 12;2(6). http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/2/6/e001660.long

39. van Heugten K. Resilience as an underexplored outcome of workplace bullying. Qual Health Res. 2013 Mar;23(3):291-301 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23211611

40. Nielsen MB. Bullying in work groups: the impact of leadership. Scand J Psychol. 2013 Apr;54(2):127-36. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23198817

41. MacIntosh J. Workplace bullying influences women's engagement in the workforce. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2012 Nov;33(11):762-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23146010

42. Alterman T, Luckhaupt SE, Dahlhamer JM, Ward BW, Calvert GM. Job insecurity, work-family imbalance, and hostile work environment: prevalence data from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey. Am J Ind Med. 2013 Jun;56(6):660-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23023603

43. Niedhammer I, Chastang JF, Sultan-Taïeb H, Vermeylen G, Parent-Thirion A Psychosocial work factors and sickness absence in 31 countries in Europe. Eur J Public Health. 2013 Aug;23(4):622-9. http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/4/622.long

44. Lac G, Dutheil F, Brousse G, Triboulet-Kelly C, Chamoux A. Saliva DHEAS changes in patients suffering from psychopathological disorders arising from bullyingat work. Brain Cogn. 2012 Nov;80(2):277-81. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22940752

45. Emdad R, Alipour A, Hagberg J, Jensen IB. The impact of bystanding to workplace bullying on symptoms of depression among women and men in industry in Sweden: an empirical and theoretical longitudinal study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2013 Aug;86(6):709-16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3722445/

46. Keashly L. Workplace bullying: the case of teen workers. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2012;24(1):49-56. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22909911

47. Clausen T, Hogh A, Carneiro IG, Borg V. Does psychological well-being mediate the association between experiences of acts of offensive behaviour and turnover among care workers? A longitudinal analysis. J Adv Nurs. 2013 Jun;69(6):1301-13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22897562

48. Fenga C, Platania CA, Di Rosa A, Alibrandi A, De Luca A, Barresi G, Di Nola C, Cacciola A. [Mobbing: between personality traits and organizational-managerial characteristics of the occupational environment]. G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2012 Jan-Mar;34(1 Suppl A):A11-6. Italian. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22888717

49. Coetzee RH, Atkins S, Gould M. Bullying and the UK Armed Forces. J R Army Med Corps. 2012 Jun;158(2):115-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22860501

50. Glasø L, Notelaers G. Workplace bullying, emotions, and outcomes. Violence Vict. 2012;27(3):360-77. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22852437

51. Hogh A, Hansen AM, Mikkelsen EG, Persson R. Exposure to negative acts at work, psychological stress reactions and physiological stress response. J Psychosom Res. 2012 Jul;73(1):47-52 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22691559

52. Nielsen MB, Hetland J, Matthiesen SB, Einarsen S. Longitudinal relationships between workplace bullying and psychological distress. Scand J Work Environ Health. http://www.sjweh.fi/show_abstract.php?abstract_id=3178

53. Svedberg P, Alexanderson K. Associations between sickness absence and harassment, threats, violence, or discrimination: a cross-sectional study of the Swedish Police. Work. 2012;42(1):83-92. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22635152

54. Nachreiner NM, Gerberich SG, Ryan AD, Erkal S, McGovern PM, Church TR, Mongin SJ, Feda DM. Risk of physical assault against school educators with histories of occupational and other violence: a case-control study. Work. 2012;42(1):39-46. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22635148

55. Keuskamp D, Ziersch AM, Baum FE, Lamontagne AD. Workplace bullying a risk for permanent employees. Aust N Z J Public Health. 2012 Apr;36(2):116-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487344

56. Oxenstierna G, Elofsson S, Gjerde M, Magnusson Hanson L, Theorell T. Workplace bullying, working environment and health. Ind Health. 2012;50(3):180-8. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22453205

57. Niedhammer I, Sultan-Taïeb H, Chastang JF, Vermeylen G, Parent-Thirion A. Exposure to psychosocial work factors in 31 European countries. Occup Med (Lond). 2012 Apr;62(3):196-202. http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/62/3/196.long

58. Kääriä S, Laaksonen M, Rahkonen O, Lahelma E, Leino-Arjas P. Risk factors of chronic neck pain: a prospective study among middle-aged employees. Eur J Pain. 2012 Jul;16(6):911-20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22337254

59. Campos IC, Serafim Ada C, Custódio KV, da Silva L, Cruz RM. Moral harassment of public schools teachers. Work. 2012;41 Suppl 1:2001-7. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22317010

60. Kingdom SE, Smith AP. Psychosocial risk factors for work-related stress in Her Majesty's Coastguard. Int Marit Health. 2011;62(3):200-5 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22258848

61. d'Errico A, Costa G. Socio-demographic and work-related risk factors for medium- and long-term sickness absence among Italian workers. Eur J Public Health. 2012 Oct;22(5):683-8 http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/5/683.long

62. Aytac S, Bozkurt V, Bayram N, Yildiz S, Aytac M, Akinci FS, Bilgel N. Workplace violence: a study of Turkish workers. Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2011;17(4):385-402. http://archiwum.ciop.pl/48631

63. Vie TL, Glasø L, Einarsen S How does it feel? Workplace bullying, emotions and musculoskeletal complaints. Scand J Psychol. 2012 Apr;53(2):165-73. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22150575

64. Routley VH, Ozanne-Smith JE Work-related suicide in Victoria, Australia: a broad perspective. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2012;19(2):131-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22132703

65. Giorgi G, Arenas A, Leon-Perez JM. An operative measure of workplace bullying: the negative acts questionnaire across Italian companies. Ind Health. 2011;49(6):686-95. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22020012

66. Punzi S, Castellini G, Cassitto MG, Leocata G, Costa G. [Demand of diagnosis and treatment for work-related psycho-social discomfort: trend of phenomenon]. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23393875

67. Law R, Dollard MF, Tuckey MR, Dormann C. Psychosocial safety climate as a lead indicator of workplace bullying and harassment, job resources, psychological health and employee engagement. Accid Anal Prev. 2011 Sep;43(5):1782-93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21658506

68. Glasø L, Bele E, Nielsen MB, Einarsen S. Bus drivers' exposure to bullying at work: an occupation-specific approach. Scand J Psychol. 2011 Oct;52(5):484-93. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21605122

69. Johnson SL. An ecological model of workplace bullying: a guide for intervention and research. Nurs Forum. 2011 Apr-Jun;46(2):55-63. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21517878

70. Moreno Jiménez B, Rodríguez Muñoz A, Moreno Y, Sanz Vergel AI. [Workplace bullying and health complaints: the moderating role of physiological activation]. Psicothema. 2011 Apr;23(2):227-32. Spanish. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21504674